Essay on Cottage Industry and Its importance

Introduction – What is cottage industry? Importance of cottage industry 2) Its advantages (i) There is no exploitation. (ii) More people ge...

Introduction – What is cottage industry? Importance of cottage industry 2) Its advantages (i) There is no exploitation. (ii) More people get employment. (iii) it is a cure for many social evils which arise from large scale industry. (iv) Worker remain independent 3) Difficulties in the way of cottage industries. 4) Suggestions for their development. 5) Conclusion – Government is taking interest – conditions are likely to improve.

Essay on Cottage Industry and Its importance

Cottage industries, village industries, small scale industries, handicrafts and large scale industries are the various terms which are used for different types of production works, according to their size and production. When a worker produces something with the simple tools, with the help of his family members only, then he is said to be running a cottage industry. The absence of big machines, electric power and hired labour are the features of cottage industries. In our villagers, we see workers spinning and weaving cloth. This is the main cottage industry of our country. Pottery, work-work, metal-work, leather-work, basket-making, crushing of sugarcane, etc., are some other important handicraft of our country.
The importance of cottage industries is very great for rural as well as urban areas. In villages, farmers can carry on their cottage industries side by side with their main occupation of agriculture. They are important for them as they provide opportunities for part time employment. In urban areas also the poor can start some cottage industries with their own limited resources. They are indispensable for a poor country like India.
In cottage industries the question of the exploitation of workers does not arise. The worker and his family being both the employer and the employee themselves, get all the earning from their business. Even if in some cases hired labourers are employed, the relations between them and the employer remain healthy.
Big machines are labour saving devices. They are not used in cottage industries. So if they are encouraged, more and more people get employed. Besides this, they are good means for providing part-time employment.
The tendency towards centralization is inherent in large scale industries. This leads to over-crowding and congestion in the towns. Children and women are employed in big industries. Corruption becomes rampant. But handicrafts solve all these problems. They are mostly run in the homes of the workers. So the housing problem does not arise, other social ills are also removed.
Further, the independence of the worker is maintained. The work can be begun and stopped according to his convenience. No rigid-routine is necessary. So in cottage industries the workers enjoy a marked sense of freedom
Cottage industries have to face many difficulties. They cannot compete with large factories. As the products of the cottage industries are the results of the labour of the workers, their cost remains high in comparison with that of the mill-made goods. Workers are mostly poor. Sometimes, they find it difficult to get raw material and the necessary tools for their work. So these difficulties come in the way of the growth of handicrafts.
Some suggestions for the development of cottage industry may now be made. The field of production for cottage and large scale industries should be specified. The competition between these two spheres of production should be replaced by co-operation. Credit facilities should be provided. This will enable the workers to purchase raw materials and tools. Facilities for marketing finished goods should be provided. The Government should undertake research work for making simple and cheap machines. This will be very helpful for the progress of cottage industries.
The government has always recognized the importance of cottage industries. It established the Cottage Industries Board. All India Khadi Development Board, and other such agencies for the production of handicrafts. A large sum has always been allotted for their development in the various Five Year plans of the country. As a result, much progress has been made in this direction. Let us hope much more would be done for the small scale industry in times to come.

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